- described in terms of (3) tastes: sweet (madhura), sour (amla), pungent (katu)
- the post-digestive: transformed state called niraapaka arising after separation of rasa and mala
- action revealed in colon after stomach and SI digestive processes are completed and occurs in the cells as micro-digestion; this action is inferential
- stronger than guna effects but less than veerya effectbased primarily upon chemical properties of a substance
- effect based primarily upon chemical properties of a substance
- longer lasting effects than rasa;
- secretory and excretory functions affected: urine, feces, sweat, sperm, vaginal secretions and affects dhatus and srotamsi
- as tastes are secondary attributes composed of the 5 elements they reveal their molecular nature expressed in terms of the gunas: sweet = heavy (guru), cold ( sheetha); pungent = light (laghu) and hot (uhna), etc.
- acts on the aggravation (prakopa) stage of pathogenesis
- as a category of drug action there is much correspondence with modern notion of polarity
- effect based primarily upon chemical properties of a substance
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