Dravya (substance): that in which guna and karma (quality and action) are inherent and which is the material cause of action
Karma (action): the movement initiated by effort is called action; relative to drugs/foods ingested these may be known by their effects e.g. increased urination is evidence that the substance is diuretic; this category of action is usually a result of transformations resulting from digestion (note that modern drugs are often introduced in a manner that by-passes digestive processes); this category often will correlate with the category of prabhava (explained below)
Elements: the 5 energetic expressions of Consciousness, which in combinations gives rise to the creation, inorganic and organic; e.g.; space, air, fire, water (karana dravya/causative substance regarding tastes), earth
Substance or Element Its Attribute Its Actions
prthiva (earth) heavy destroys vata, fat promoting
apya (water) oily fat promoting, destroys vata, vitalizing, strengthening
tejas (fire) sharp increases pitta, scraping, dispels kapha and vata
vayavya (air) dry increases vata, destroys kapha
akasha (space) light space creating, destroys kapha,
DoÃas (3):
- vata, pitta, kapha
- physiological principles of life—motion, transformation, structure & lubrication, respectively
- they constitute the body physically in the form of tissues
- when normal are called dhatus (supporting)
- when abnormal become disturbed in their governing roles / (and) disturb the other doÃas by “polluting” the physiology in a systemic way
Dhatus (7): the basic constructing material of the body as tissues having 7 forms: plasma, blood, muscle, fat, bone, marrow / nervous tissue, reproductive tissue; “that which stays in the body”
Malas (3): the 3 wastes—urine, feces, sweat; “that which leaves the body and corrupts it when it stays”
Srotas (s.) Srothmsi (pl) (16) 16 prominent channels for ingestion, maintenance, elimination, communication having as their prominent feature the movement of nutrients, wastes, etc. (Caraka states there are as many srotamsi as entities)
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